![]() ![]() ![]() Methanobrevibacter and Candida were positively associated with diets high in carbohydrates, but negatively with diets high in amino acids, protein, and fatty acids. Myriad associations were detected for fungi and archaea with diet, with each other, and with bacterial lineages. Several other archaeal genera were detected in lower abundance and frequency. For archaea, Methanobrevibacter was the most prevalent genus, present in 30% of samples. For fungi, we found 66 genera, with generally mutually exclusive presence of either the phyla Ascomycota or Basiodiomycota. Diet was quantified using inventories scoring both long-term and recent diet, and archaea and fungi were characterized by deep sequencing of marker genes in DNA purified from stool. Here we investigate associations of diet with fungal and archaeal populations, taking advantage of samples from 98 well-characterized individuals. Previous studies have begun to map out associations between diet and the bacteria and viruses of the human gut microbiome. Diet influences health as a source of nutrients and toxins, and by shaping the composition of resident microbial populations. ![]()
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